Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar Yaghi won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), porous materials capable of capturing and storing gases and other molecules. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said their discovery enables the creation of “crystal-like structures filled with tiny voids” that can trap carbon dioxide, purify water, or absorb toxic substances. Committee Chair Heiner Linke said the breakthrough “opens the door to infinite possibilities for the benefit of humanity.” Kitagawa is from Kyoto University, Robson from the University of Melbourne, and Yaghi from the University of California, Berkeley.